The Common Tangent Circle of Three Tangent Circles: A Supplement

In the article The Common Tangent Circle of Three Tangent Circles, I discussed constructing the common tangent circle of three tangent circles by means of inversion; at that time I required that the three circles be pairwise tangent to one another. Having thought about it further since, I realized this condition isn't actually necessary — it suffices that just one of the three circles be tangent to each of the other two.more

In fact, one can relax the condition even further: among the three circles, only two need be tangent to each other, while the third circle need not be tangent to either of them, and a common tangent circle satisfying the required condition may still exist. As for the necessary and sufficient condition on this third circle, it can be seen from its inverted image: the inverted image of the third circle must intersect the region lying between the two parallel lines.

Common tangent circle of three circles 1Common tangent circle of three circles 1

Common tangent circle of three circles 2Common tangent circle of three circles 2

English translation of a post from 科学空间 | Scientific Spaces by 苏剑林. Original: https://kexue.fm/archives/2333
Translated automatically with claude-sonnet-5; all equations are reproduced verbatim from the source. Copyright remains with the original author.