धृतराष्ट्र उवाच अनीश्वरोऽयं पुरुषो भवाभवे सूत्रप्रोता दारुमयीव योषा। धात्रा तु दिष्टस्य वशे कृतोऽयं तस्माद् वद त्वं श्रवणो धृतोऽहम्॥
Dhritarashtra said Man is not the creator of his happiness or misery like a wooden doll moved by a thrcad. He has been made subject to the Fates by Providence. Therefore speak on; I am patiently hearing you.
विदुर उवाच अप्राप्तकाल वचनं बृहस्पतिरपि ब्रुवन्। लभते बुद्ध्यवज्ञानमवमानं च भारत॥
Vidura said Even Brihaspati by speaking when suitable time has not come gets a charge of ignorance and insult, O Bharata.
प्रियो भवति दानेन प्रियवादेन चापरः। मन्त्रमूलबलेनान्यो य: प्रियः प्रिय एव सः॥
By gift (a man) becomes agreeable; another by sweet speech; a third by the strength of incantations and drugs; but he that is (naturally) agreeable is (always) agreeable.
द्वेष्यो न साधुर्भवति न मेधावी न पण्डितः। प्रिये शुभानि कार्याणि द्वेष्ये पापानि चैव ह॥
He that is despised is not honest, nor intelligent, nor wise (to the man who despises him). To him that is beloved are attributed all good acts and to him that is despised all bad ones.
उक्तं मया जातमात्रेऽपि राजन् दुर्योधनं त्यज पुत्रं त्वमेकम्। रस्यात्यागात् पुत्रशतस्य नाशः॥
I told you, as soon as he was born. O king, abandon this one son, Duryodhana. By his abandonment (you will see) the proper development of your hundred sons; and by not abandoning him, there will be the destruction of your hundred sons.
न वृद्धिर्बहु मन्तव्या या वृद्धिः क्षयमावहेत्। क्षयोऽपि बहु मन्तव्यो यः क्षयो वृद्धिमावहेत्॥
That gain should not be highly thought of, which brings on a little loss; and that loss should be considered a great one, which brings on a little gain.
न स क्षयो महाराज यः क्षयो वृद्धिमावहेत्। क्षयः स त्विह मन्तव्यो लङ्वा बहु नाशयेत्॥
That, O great king, is not loss which brings on gain; but that should be regarded as loss which being gained causes much loss.
समृद्धा गुणत: केचिद् भवन्ति धनतोऽपरे। धनवृद्धान् गुणै_नान् धृतराष्ट्र विवर्जय॥
Some become eminent thought their good qualities; others through their wealth. Avoid, O Dhritarashtra, those who are superior in wealth, but devoid of good qualities.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच सर्वं त्वमायतीयुक्तं भाषसे प्राज्ञसम्मतम्। न चोत्सहे सुतं त्यक्तुं यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः॥
Dhritarashtra said All that you say is agreed on by the wise and is calculated to do good to me; but I cannot abandon my son. Victory comes where there is righteousness.
विदुर उवाच अतीवगुणसम्पन्नो न जातु विनयान्वितः। सुसूक्ष्ममपि भूतानामुपमर्दमुपेक्षते॥
Vidura said He that is exceedingly good and is endued with humility does not neglect even the slightest suffering of any creature (without an attempt at alleviating them).
परापवादनिरताः परदुःखोदयेषु च। परस्परविरोधे च यतन्ते सततोत्थिताः॥
Those that are ever engaged in speaking ill of others ever engage themselves in quarrels which give pain to others with great care.
सदोषं दर्शनं येषां संवासे सुमहद् भयम्। अर्थादाने महान् दोषः प्रदाने च महद् भयम्॥
Those whose very sight is vicious and association with whom is attended with great fear-there is great harm in giving them wealth and also there is great fear in accepting wealth from them.
ये वै भेदनशीलास्तु सकामा निस्त्रपाः शठाः। ये पापा इति विख्याताः संवासे परिगर्हिताः॥
Those whose habit is to cause disagreements, those who covetous, shameless and vicious are well known as unrighteous. The association with them should be avoided.
युक्ताश्चान्यैहादोषैर्ये नरास्तान् विवर्जयेत्। निवर्तमाने सौहार्दे प्रीतिर्नीचे प्रणश्यति॥
Those men who are endued with similar other great vices should be avoided. In the absence of (the cause of) friendship, the good feeling towards the low is destroyed.
या चैव फलनिर्वृत्तिः सौहृदे चैव यत् सुखम्। यतते चापवादाय यत्नमारभते क्षये।॥
As also the results of connection and the happiness derived from it. They (the lowminded) then try to speak ill (of their late friend) and injure him. are
अल्पेऽप्यपकृते मोहान शान्तिमधिगच्छति। तादृशैः संगतं नीचैर्नृशंसैरकृतात्मभिः॥
Even when slightly injured, they out of the want of self-control get no peace of mind. Companionship of one's self with such lowminded and heartless individuals should not be effected.
निशम्य निपुणं बुद्ध्या विद्वान् दूराद् विवर्जयेत्। यो ज्ञातिमनुगृह्णाति दरिद्रं दीनमातुरम्॥ स पुत्रपशुभिवृद्धिं श्रेयश्चानन्त्यमश्नुते। ज्ञातयो वर्धनीयास्तैर्य इच्छन्त्यात्मनः शुभम्॥
A wise man examining carefully by his intelligence avoids from a distance (such persons). He who assists the poor and helpless cousins obtains an increase of children and animals and unending prosperity. Cousins should be assisted by those who desire their own happiness.
कुलवृद्धिं च राजेन्द्र तस्मात् साधु समाचर। श्रेयसा योक्ष्यते राजन् कुर्वाणो ज्ञातिसक्रियाम्॥
Therefore do you that, О chief among kings, which will effect an increase of your family; by doing good to your relatives, O monarch, you will meet with prosperity.
विगुणा ह्यपि संरक्ष्या ज्ञातयो भरतर्षभ। किं पुनर्गुणवन्तस्ते त्वत्प्रसादाभिकाक्षिणः॥
Cousins, though devoid of good qualities, should be protected, O foremost of the Bharata race. Should they not be protected, who are endued with good qualities and desirous of your favours?
प्रसादं कुरु वीराणां पाण्डवानां विशाम्पते। दीयन्तां ग्रामकाः केचित् तेषां वृत्त्यर्थमीश्वर॥
Do you favour the heroic Pandavas, O Lord the universe. Give them some few villages for their living, O Lord.
एवं लोके यशः प्राप्तं भविष्यति नराधिप। वृद्धेन हि त्वया कार्यं पुत्राणां तात शासनम्॥
By doing this, you will obtain fame in this world, O ruler of men. O sire, your sons should be controlled by you who are old.
मया चापि हितं वाच्, विद्धि मां त्वद्धितैषिणम्। ज्ञातिभिर्विचहस्तात न कर्तव्यः शुभार्थिना। सुखानि सह भोज्यानि ज्ञातिभिर्भरतर्षभ।॥
What I speak is your good; know me to be your well-wisher; a man who desires happiness should not quarrel with the cousins. Happiness should be injured along with one's cousins, O best of the Bharata race.
सम्भोजनं संकथनं सम्प्रीतिश्च परस्परम्। ज्ञातिभिः सह कार्याणि न विरोधः कदाचन॥
To eat together, to talk together and to love one another-these are what should be done among cousins and quarrels never.
ज्ञातयस्तारयन्तीह ज्ञातयो मज्जयन्ति च। सुवृत्तास्तारयन्तीह दुर्वृत्ता मज्जयन्ति च॥
In this world cousins come to the rescue and cousin sink (cousins); those who lead virtuous lives are rescued and those that lead vicious lives sink.
सुवृत्तो भव राजेन्द्र पाण्डवान् प्रति मानद। अधर्षणीयः शत्रूणां तैर्वृतस्त्वं भविष्यसि॥
O chief among kings, you act like one leading virtuous life, towards the Pandavas. O you giver of honours, surrounded by them you will be unconquerable by your enemies.
श्रीमन्तं ज्ञातिमासाद्य यो ज्ञातिरवसीदति। दिग्धहस्तं मृग इव स एनस्तस्य विन्दति॥
If having come face to face with a cousin who is prosperous, one shrinks like a deer in the presence of a man armed with arrows; then cousin gets transferred on his own shoulders the sins of his less prosperous cousin.
पश्चादपि नरश्रेष्ठं तव तापो भविष्यति। तान् वा हतान् सुतान् वापि श्रुत्वा तदनुचिन्तय॥
Afterwards, O chief among men, you will have repentance at hearing of the death of the Pandavas or of your sons. Think of this.
येन खट्वां समारूढः परितप्येत कर्मणा। आदावेव न तत् कुर्यादध्रुवे जीविते सति॥
That act which is sure to be repented for when a man enters the Vale of Death should never be done from the very beginning in this life.
न कश्चिन्नापनयते पुमानन्यत्र भार्गवात्। शेषसम्प्रतिपत्तिस्तु बुद्धिमत्स्वेव तिष्ठति॥
It is not true that any other man except Bhargava has done a sinful act but a conception of the probable effects of an action is present in the mind of every intelligent person.
दुर्योधनेन यद्येतत् पापं तेषु पुरा कृतम्। त्वया तत् कुलवृद्धेन प्रत्यानेनं नरेश्वर॥
If this wrong has been done towards them by Duryodhana in the first instance, it is your duty, being the foremost of his race, to undo it.
तांस्त्वं पदे प्रतिष्ठाप्य लोके विगतकल्मषः। भविष्यसि नरश्रेष्ठ पूजनीयो मनीषिणाम्॥
You having reinstated them in their position, will be freed from all your sins in this world and, O chief among men, you will be worshipped by all intelligent men.
सुव्याहृतानि धीराणां फलतः परिचिन्त्य यः। अध्यवस्यति कार्येषु चिरं यशसि तिष्ठति॥
He, who engages in acts after thinking of their effects as prophesied by wise men for the good of mankind, ever remains famous.
असम्यगुपयुक्तं हि ज्ञानं सुकुशलैरपि। उपलभ्यं चाविदितं विदितं चाननुष्ठितम्॥
The lessons taught even by skillful men is not perfect; for the moral sought to be conveyed by them is not understood and if understood, is not carried into practice.
पापोदयफलं विद्वान् यो नारभति वर्धते। यस्तु पूर्वकृतं पापमविमृश्यानुवर्तते। अगाधपङ्गे दुर्मेधा विषमे विनिपात्यते॥
That wise man, who dose not do acts which result in sin, grows (in prosperity); but the man of slow intelligence who continues in his sinful course commenced before,
मन्त्रभेदस्य षट् प्राज्ञो द्वाराणीमानि लक्षयेत्। अर्थसंततिकामश्च रक्षेदेतानि नित्यशः॥
Falls into a deep mire which he cannot cross. A wise man should have an eye on the following six means of secrets being divulged.
मदं स्वप्नमविज्ञानमाकारं चात्मसम्भवम्। दुष्टामात्येषु विश्रम्भं दूताच्चाकुशलादपि॥ द्वाराण्येतानि यो ज्ञात्वा संवृणोति सदा नृप। त्रिवर्गाचरणे युक्तः स शत्रूनधितिष्ठति॥ न वै श्रुतमविज्ञाय वृद्धाननुपसेव्य वा। धर्मार्थों वेदितुं शक्यौ बृहस्पतिसमैरपि।॥
He who desires wealth and children should ever keep himself away from these-vanity, dream, knowledge that spies have been set on, one's demeanor which depends on his thoughts, excessive trust on wicked ministers and incompetent ambassadors. He who being fully aware of these six door ( through which secrets ooze out). O king, keeps them always closed and engages in the attainment of the three kinds of objects (virtue, worldly good and desire), triumph over his enemies. Without a knowledge of the holy books and without proper reverence to old people.
नष्टं समुद्रे पतितं नष्टं वाक्यमशृण्वति। अनात्मनि श्रुतं नष्टं नष्ट हुतमनग्निकम्॥
Virtue and profit cannot be known even by one equal (intelligent) to Brihaspati; A thing is lost when it falls into the ocean. So an advice is lost when it is not listened.
मत्या परीक्ष्य मेधावी बुद्ध्या सम्पाद्य चासकृत्। श्रुत्वा दृष्ट्वाथ विज्ञाय प्राझैमैत्री समाचरेत्॥
The holy books are lost on those who have no souls of their own (have no control over them); and an offering of clarified butter is lost when poured on what is not fire (i.e. when the fire has been extinguished and ashes only remain). Having examined by his intelligence and searched by his understanding.
अकीर्ति विनयो हन्ति हन्त्यनर्थं पराक्रमः। हन्ति नित्यं क्षमा क्रोधमाचारो हन्त्यलक्षणम्॥
And having heard the opinions of other men seen and known the life of the men, a wise man forms friendship with wise men. Humility removes bad repute and prowess puts an end to adversity.
परिच्छदेन क्षेत्रेण वेश्मना परिचर्यया। परीक्षेत कुलं राजन् भोजनाच्छादनेन च॥
Forgiveness ever destroys anger; good behaviour neutralises the effects of evil omens in the appearance of a man. By means of one's dress, sphere of action, house, behaviour,
उपस्थितस्य कामस्य प्रतिवादो न विद्यते। अपि निर्मुक्तदेहस्य कामरक्तस्य किं पुनः॥
Should a man's lineage be jaded about, O king and also by his food and dress. There is no struggling with a desire when it come on.
प्राज्ञोपसेविनं वैद्यं धार्मिकं प्रियदर्शनम्। मित्रवन्तं सुवाक्यं च सुहृदं परिपालयेत्॥
Even in men who have attained salvation not to speak of those who are slaves to their desires. One who worships the wise is learned, virtuous and of a mild look.
दुष्कुलीनः कुलीनो वा मर्यादां यो न लङ्घयेत्। धर्मापेक्षी मृदुह्रीमान् स कुलीनशताद् वरः॥
And has friends, is one, who of agreeable speech, has good heart, should me protected. He, who whether comes of a high or a low family, dose not transgress the houour due to others.
ययोश्चित्तेन वा चित्तं निभृतं निभृतेन वा। समेति प्रज्ञया प्रज्ञा तयोमैत्री न जीर्यति॥
Who leans to virtue, who is graced with humility, who has a sense of modesty, is better than a hundred men coming of high families. When the heart of one agrees with that of another, then the secret pursuits of the former are the same as those of the latter.
दुर्बुद्धिमकृतप्रज्ञं छन्नं कूपं तृणैरिवा विवर्जयीत मेधावी तस्मिन् मैत्री प्रणश्यति॥
And the learning of the former is the same as that of the latter, the friendship between the two person never wears out. One who has a wicked soul, one whose understanding has not been cultivated.
अवलिप्तेषु मूर्खेषु रौद्रसाहसिकेषु च। तथैवापेतधर्मेषु न मैत्रीमाचरेद् बुधः॥
Should be shunned by an intelligent man like a well covered over with grass growing over it; friendship with them does not last. With those that are proud, ignorant, fierce and rash.
कृतज्ञं धार्मिकं सत्यमक्षुद्रं दृढभक्तिकम्। जितेन्द्रियं स्थितं स्थित्यां मित्रमत्यागि चेष्यते॥
Wise men should never contract friendship, nor with them who have fallen from the path of virtue. The man who is grateful, virtuous, the reverse of mean, has firm devotion.
इन्द्रियाणामनुत्सर्गो मृत्युनापि विशिष्यते। अत्यर्थं पुनरुत्सर्गः सादयेद् दैवतान्यपि॥
And has his senses under control and attaches himself to what ought to be attached to should be desired for a friend. The renouncement of the objects of the senses is worse than death difficult of practices.
मार्दवं सर्वभूतानामनसूया क्षमा धृतिः। आयुष्याणि बुधाः प्राहुर्मित्राणां चाविमानना॥
On the other hand, leaving them to be too much exercised would ruin the gods even; humility, kindness to all creatures, forgiveness and patience.
अपनीतं सुनीतेन योऽर्थं प्रत्यानिनीषते। मतिमास्थाय सुदृढां तदकापुरुषव्रतम्॥
Conduce to life, the wise men have said; as also a constant respect for friends. He who desires again to accomplish, by virtuous means, an object that has once been frustrated,
आयत्यां प्रतिकारशस्तदात्वे दृढनिश्चयः। अतीते कार्यशेषज्ञो नरोऽथैर्न प्रहीयते॥
And is in his right senses, the determination of that man is firm. The man who knows what remedy ought to be applied in future, who has a firm determination on present matters.
कर्मणा मनसा वाचा यदभीक्ष्णं निषेवते। तदेवापहरत्येनं तस्मात् कल्याणमाचरेत्॥
And who knows (in beginning) how acts done in the past would end accomplishes all his objects. That which a man follows in deed, thought or speech.
मङ्गलालम्भनं योगः श्रुतमुत्थानमार्जवम्। भूतिमेतानि कुर्वन्ति सतां चाभीक्ष्णदर्शनम्॥
Draws him away to itself; therefore a virtuous policy should be followed. Efforts for the attainment of one's holy objects, knowledge of the holy books, simplemindedness.
अनिर्वेदः श्रियो मूलं लाभस्य च शुभस्य च। महान् भवत्यनिर्विण्णः सुखं चानन्त्यमश्नुते॥
These bring on prosperity; so do constant meetings with the good. Perseverance is the root the of prosperity and of gain and of happiness.
नातः श्रीमत्तरं किंचिदन्यत् पथ्यतमं पतम्। प्रभविष्णोर्यथा तात क्षमा सर्वत्र सर्वदा॥
That man who pursues his object with perseverance and who is not annoyed at the long time a think takes to accomplish, that man is really great and gets unending happiness. It is my opinion that there is no better means of bringing in prosperity.
क्षमेदशक्तः सर्वस्य शक्तिमान् धर्मकारणात्। अर्थानौ समौ यस्य तस्य नित्यं क्षमा हिता॥
Than for really strong man to exercise forgiveness at all times and at all places. The weak should forgive every body and the strong should forgive for the sake of virtue. He to whom the attainment and the non-attainment of an object is the same is ever forgiving.
यत् सुखं सेवमानोऽपि धर्मार्थाभ्यां न हीयते। कामं तदुपसेवेत न मूढव्रतमाचरेत्॥
That happiness which when pursued dose not injure the virtue or the worldly profit of a man should be enjoyed one so may desire but he should not act like a fool (by giving himself up entirely to enjoyment).
दुःखार्तेषु प्रमत्तेषु नास्तिकेष्वलसेषु च। न श्रीर्वसत्यदान्तेषु ये चोत्साहविवर्जिताः॥
In those that are overpowered by grief, in those that are too much attached to anything, in those that deny the existence of God and in those that are lazy, prosperity dose not reside, nor in those who have no control over their souls and who are devoid of all enthusiasm.
आर्जवेन नरं युक्तमार्जवात् सव्यपत्रपम्। अशक्तं मन्यमानास्तु धर्षयन्ति कुबुद्धयः॥
Persons of bad intelligence oppress people endued with humility and modesty by reason of that humility, thinking them to be weak.
अत्यार्यमतिदातारमतिशूरमतिव्रतम्। प्रज्ञाभिमानिनं चैव श्रीयानोपसर्पति॥
To those who are honest in the extreme, who give away in large measures, who are too heroic, who are of too firm determination and who are vain of their wisdom, prosperity never comes out of fear.
न चातिगुणवत्स्वेषा नात्यन्तं निर्गुणेषु च। नैषा गुणान् कामयते नैर्गुण्यानानानुरज्यते। उन्मत्ता गौरिवान्धा श्रीः क्वचिदेवावतिष्ठते॥
Nor (dose prosperity reside) in persons endued with every virtue nor in those having none; she (prosperity) dose not desire a strong combination of good qualities. Prosperity resides in some one (without any fixed rule) like a mad cow.
अग्निहोत्रफला वेदाः शीलवृत्तफलं श्रुतम्। रतिपुत्रफला नारी दत्तभुत्तफलं धनम्॥
The result of (the study of) the Vedas is the performance of the Home; the result of a knowledge of the holy books is good manners and good conduct. The fruits of a woman are the pleasures of co-habitation and offspring; and the consequences of wealth are the pleasure of gift and enjoyment.
अधर्मोपार्जितैरथैर्यः करोत्यौदेहिकम्। न स तस्य फलं प्रेत्य भुङ्क्तेऽर्थस्य दुरागमात्॥
He who performs ceremonies for his good in the other world with wealth got by foul means. Dose not get the usual fruits of such ceremonies after death owing to the foul means by which the wealth was got.
कान्तारे वनदुर्गेषु कृच्छ्रास्वापत्सु सम्भ्रमे। उद्येतेषु च शस्त्रेषु नास्ति सत्त्ववता भयम्॥
In deserts, foresees, in difficulties and calamities or when weapons are raised (by others to strike him) he who has a strong mind has no fear.
उत्थानं संयमो दाक्ष्यमप्रमादो धृतिः स्मृतिः। समीक्ष्य च समारम्भो विद्धि मूलं भवस्य तु॥
Energy, self-control, skillfulness steadiness, patience and the act of beginning a thing after mature thought, know these to be the roots of prosperity.
तपो बलं तापसानां ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदां बलम्। हिंसा बलमसाधूनां क्षमा गुणवतां बलम्॥
Devotion is the strength of asceticism; the Vedas are the strength of those that know what is in them. Injury is the strength of those that are vicious; forgiveness is the strength of those that are endued with good qualities.
अष्टौ तान्यव्रतनानि आपो मूलं फलं पयः। हविर्ब्रह्मणकाम्या च गुरोर्वचनमौषधम्॥
These eight do not lead to the nonobservance of a vow-water, roots, fruits, milk, clarified butter, acts done at the desire of a Brahmana or the commands of an elder and medicine.
न तत् परस्य संदध्यात् प्रतिकूलं यदात्मनः। संग्रहेणैष धर्मः स्यात् कामादन्यः प्रवर्तते॥
That should not be done to others which is against the interest of one's self. This is virtue, put tersely; there are other sorts of virtue, but it is not compulsory that they (the better) should be acted up to.
अक्रोधेन जयेत् क्रोधमसाधु साधुना जयेत्। जयेत् कदर्यं दानेन जयेत् सत्येन चानृतम्॥
Anger should be subjugated by the reverse of anger; and virtuous man should be subjugated by virtue, by gifts should a miser be subjugated, by truth one addicted to untruth should be won.
स्त्रीधूर्तकेऽलसे भीरौ चण्डे पुरुषमानिनि। चौरे कृतघ्ने विश्वासो न कार्यो न च नास्तिके॥
A woman, a cunning and deceitful person, one that is lazy, one that is fierce, one that is wrathful, one that is vain of his own power, a thief, one that is ungrateful should never be trusted; nor should atheist.
अभिवादनशीलस्य नित्यं वृद्धोसेविनः। चत्वारि सम्प्रवर्धन्ते कीर्तिरायुर्यशो बलम्॥
He who has the habit of doing due honours to his elders and who always attends to the wishes of old persons, gets an increase of these four, viz., good name, life, fame and strength.
अतिक्लेशेन येऽर्थाः स्युर्धर्मस्यातिक्रमेण वा। अरेर्वा प्रणिपातेन मा स्म तेषु मनः कृथाः॥
The prosperity which can be attained by excessive toil or by the non-observance of the principles of honesty, or by blowing to an enemy, do not set your heart on these.
अविद्यः पुरुषः शोच्यः शोच्यं मैथुनमप्रजम्। निराहाराः प्रजाः शोच्याः शोच्यं राष्ट्रमराजकम्॥
One who is ignorant ought to be pitied; and intercourse that does not produce offspring ought to be pitied. The subjects of a king who go without food are to be pitied; and anarchy in a kingdom ought to be regretted.
अध्वा जरा देहवतां पर्वतानां जलं जरा। असम्भोगो जरा स्त्रीणां वाक्शल्यं मनसो जरा॥
The roads are the sources of pain and weakness to those beings who have bodies; and water is the source of pain and weakness to the mountains, non-enjoyment is the source of pain to women; and harshness in speech is the source of pain to the mind.
अनाम्नायमला वेदा ब्राह्मणस्याव्रतं मलम्॥ मलं पृथिव्या बाह्रीकाः पुरुषस्यानृतं मलम्। कौतूहलमला साध्वी विप्रवासमला: स्त्रियः॥
Not taking the name even, is the worst thing for the Vedas; not observing religious observances, the worst act of the Brahmanas; the Balhika's (a race of people, morally dead) are the worst inhabitants of the globe. Falsehood is the worst thing in a man. Curiosity is the worst thing in a chaste woman; and exile from home is the worst thing for all women.
सुवर्णस्य मलं रूप्यं रूप्यस्यापि मलं त्रपु। ज्ञेयं त्रपुमलं सीसं सीसस्यापि मलं मलम्॥
The worst part of gold is silver; tin is the worst part of silver; lead should be known as the worst part of tin; and dust is the worst part of lead.
न स्वप्नेन जयेन्निद्रां न कामेन जयेत् स्त्रियः। नेन्धनेन जयेदग्नि न पानेन सुरां जयेत्॥
The inclination to sleep cannot be got over by lying down; women cannot be won by desire; fire cannot be won by wood and excess drinking cannot be conquered by drinking.
यस्य दानजितं मित्रं शत्रवो युधि निर्जिताः। अन्नपानजिता दाराः सफलं तस्य जीवितम्॥
He, whose friends have been won by gifts, whose enemies vanquished in battle, whose wife won over by food and drink, has his life crowned with success.
सहस्रिणोऽपि जीवन्ति जीवन्ति शतिनस्तथा। धृतराष्ट्र विमुञ्चेच्छां न कथञ्चिन्न जीव्यते॥
Life is real to those who have thousands (of anything or everything); life is also real to those (in a small measure) who have hundreds. 0 Dhritarashtra, renounce this (excessive) desire; there is none who cannot live by some means or other.
यत् पृथिव्यां व्रीहियवं हिरण्यं पशवः स्त्रियः। नालमेकस्य तत् सर्वमिति पश्यन् न मुह्यति॥
All the grains, gold, animals and women that are in this world are not sufficient even for one man. Seeing all this a wise man does not grieve (for possession of everything).
राजन् भूयो ब्रवीमि त्वां पुत्रेषु सममाचर। समता यदि ते राजन् स्वेषु पाण्डुसुतेषु वा॥
O king, again do I ask you to behave equally well with all your sons; let there be equality between your own sons and the sons of Pandu.